Ecology is the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes biology and Earth science. Ecology is as much a biological science as it is a human science. Human ecology is an interdisciplinary investigation into the ecology of our species. Ecosystems are habitats within biomes that form an integrated whole and a dynamically responsive system having both physical and biological complexes. A food web is the archetypal ecological network. It is hoped that the present edition of this book will be beneficial to all concerned of the society, in general and students, lawyers, advocates, academicians, human rights institutions, researchers and NGOs working in economics/environmental studies field, in particular.