Pharmaceutical biotechnology is a broad and growing field that can be defined as the science that covers all technologies required for the production, manufacturing and registration of biological drugs. Most therapeutic drugs in the current market are bioformulations, such as antibodies, nucleic acid products and vaccines. Such bioformulations are developed through several stages that include understanding the principles underlying health and disease; the fundamental molecular mechanisms governing the function of related biomolecules; synthesis and purification of the molecules; determining the product shelf life, stability, toxicity and immunogenicity, drug delivery systems, patenting; and clinical trials. The future of pharmaceuticals belongs to protein-based therapeutics and soon to be mRNA vaccines. Designing stable and effective therapeutic proteins requires knowledge of protein structure and the interactions that stabilise the structure necessary for function.
This book offers a detailed examination of biotransformation and enzymes, focusing on their crucial roles in biology and biotechnology. It is intended for students, researchers, and professionals who are interested in understanding the biochemical processes by which organisms metabolize various compounds and how enzymes facilitate these processes. The book primary aim is to provide a clear connection between theoretical concepts and their practical applications, showcasing biotransformation as an essential tool for developing sustainable solutions in pharmaceuticals, environmental management, and industrial practices. It comprehensively covers various biotransformation reactions, highlighting their importance in producing valuable products, detoxifying substances, and minimizing waste. Focusing on microbial biotransformation, the text explains how microorganisms are used or modified to carry out the transformation of organic compounds, improve production efficiencies, and tackle pollution. It places a special emphasis on modern techniques such as cell immobilization and genetic modification, which are employed to enhance the efficiency of biocatalysts in biotransformation processes. Designed as both an introductory resource and an in-depth reference, the book aims to spark further research and innovation in the field. It underscores the significance of biotransformation in advancing sustainable practices and contributing to a more sustainable future.
