Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) was a pioneering Swiss psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, and the founder of analytical psychology. Breaking away from Sigmund Freud's theories, Jung explored the depths of the human psyche, introducing enduring concepts such as the collective unconscious, archetypes, psychological complexes, and the concepts of extraversion and introversion. His profound insights bridge the gap between clinical psychology, anthropology, and spirituality, making him one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century.