THIS TITLE Title 21-FOOD AND DRUGS is composed of nine volumes. The parts in these volumes are arranged in the following order: Parts 1-99, 100-169, 170-199, 200-299, 300-499, 500-599, 600-799, 800-1299, and 1300 to end. The first eight volumes, containing parts 1-1299, comprise Chapter I-Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. The ninth volume, containing part 1300 to end, includes Chapter II-Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice, and Chapter III-Office of National Drug Control Policy. The contents of these volumes represent all current regulations codified under this title of the CFR as of April 1, 2022. Subpart A-General Provisions § 170.3 Definitions. For the purposes of this subchapter, the following definitions apply: (a) Secretary means the Secretary of Health and Human Services. (b) Department means the Department of Health and Human Services. (c) Commissioner means the Commissioner of Food and Drugs. (d) As used in this part, the term act means the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act approved June 25, 1936, 52 Stat. 1040 et seq., as amended (21 U.S.C. 301-392). (e)(1) Food additives includes all substances not exempted by section 201(s) of the act, the intended use of which results or may reasonably be expected to result, directly or indirectly, either in their becoming a component of food or otherwise affecting the characteristics of food. A material used in the production of containers and packages is subject to the definition if it may reasonably be expected to become a component, or to affect the characteristics, directly or indirectly, of food packed in the container. ''Affecting the characteristics of food'' does not include such physical effects, as protecting contents of packages, preserving shape, and preventing moisture loss. If there is no migration of a packaging component from the package to the food, it does not become a component of the food and thus is not a food additive. A substance that does not become a component of food, but that is used, for example, in preparing an ingredient of the food to give a different flavor, texture, or other characteristic in the food, may be a food additive. (2) Uses of food additives not requiring a listing regulation. Use of a substance in a food contact article (e.g., foodpackaging or food-processing equipment) whereby the substance migrates, or may reasonably be expected to migrate, into food at such levels that the use has been exempted from regulation as a food additive under §170.39, and food contact substances used in accordance with a notification submitted under section 409(h) of the act that is effective. (3) A food contact substance is any substance that is intended for use as a component of materials used in manufacturing, packing, packaging, transporting, or holding food if such use is not intended to have any technical effect in such food. (f) Common use in food means a substantial history of consumption of a substance for food use by a significant number of consumers. (g) The word substance in the definition of the term ''food additive'' includes a food or food component consisting of one or more ingredients. (h) Scientific procedures include the application of scientific data (including, as appropriate, data from human, animal, analytical, or other scientific studies), information, and methods, whether published or unpublished, as well as the application of scientific principles, appropriate to establish the safety of a substance under the conditions of its intended use.